View source for Emulators Part 2

Archive-name: apple2/emulators-faq/part2<br>
URL: http://purl.org/net/Apple2<br>
Posting-Frequency: monthly<br>
Version: 1.3.7<br>
<pre>
***************************************************************************
*                                                                         *
*                    Apple ][ Emulator Resources Guide                    *
*                              version 1.3.7                              *
*                                                                         *
*                       (c) 1995-1998 Alex Maddison                       *
*                            <alexm@zip.com.au>                           *
*                                                                         *
*               Corrections and constructive criticism welcome.           *
*                                                                         *
* Last updated: April 1998                                                *
*                                                                         *
* Newsgroups: comp.emulators.apple2, alt.emulators.ibmpc.apple2, *.answers*
* Posted: First week of each month or on demand.                          *
*                                                                         *
* http://purl.org/net/Apple2                                              *
* ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/emulators-faq/part1   *
* http://www.faqs.org/faqs/apple2/emulators-faq/part1/                    *
* http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/apple2/emulators-faq/part1.html   *
*                                                                         *
***************************************************************************
</pre>
(An "*" represents new information - new versions do not constitute new information)

 
= Emulator Resources =

= Emulator & Software Sites =

A NOTE ABOUT DISK-IMAGES - Like the Apple ][ ROMs, disk-images are duplicates of copyrighted material; as a result, few FTP sites feel that they can legally maintain copies of such software. However, from a commercial point of view, the majority of said software is no longer for sale (notable exceptions include the Ultima and Infocom series) and most of the companies themselves no longer exist. Basically, the software in it's original format would not be commercially viable EXCEPT to the emulator market, but the Apple ][ community still exists to a greater extent than the C64 and Spectrum platforms (which both possess FTP sites of disk-image software) so the capacity to transfer disk-images BACK to the Apple computer is seen as a possible source of software piracy. Some Apple ][ software has been released into the public domain, is free or Shareware: these include the Eamon adventure series amongst others. Most of this type of software is, however, not in disk-image format and can be found on the Apple II FTP sites below.

== Emulator/Disk-Image FTP Sites ==

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/ (209.24.250.21 or 208.194.156.5) Site Maintainer - Patrick Michael Kane <modus@robot.asimov.net>. 

ftp://ftp.applegs.asimov.net/GS/ (24.64.68.157) Site Maintainer - Dave Taylor <taylor@toocool.com> 

ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/ (131.246.9.95) Site Maintainer - Unknown. 

ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/appleII/ (129.26.8.84) Site Maintainer - Volker Blasius <blasius@gmd.de>.

== Apple II FTP Sites ==

See "Apple II Resources" by Nathan Mates <nathan@visi.com>. 

http://www.visi.com/~nathan/a2/#ftpmajor

== Apple II WWW Sites ==

Apple Computer 

http://www.apple.com/

Apple II Companies - Page devoted to companies which still support the Apple II community, by Nathan Mates <nathan@visi.com>. 

http://www.visi.com/~nathan/a2/com/index.html

COMP.SYS.APPLE2 Frequently Asked Questions - by Nathan Mates <nathan@visi.com>. 

http://www.visi.com/~nathan/a2/

Golden Orchard (Apple II CD-ROM) - Primary focus is on the IIgs. "It contains over 600 megabytes of files useful to Apple II owners, including tons of freeware, shareware, utilities, games, graphics, sounds, music, source code, and much more...[it] can be fully accessed on a Mac or Apple IIGS equipped with CD-ROM drive. (Apple IIe owners can access the ProDOS partition only.)" ProDOS and (Mac) HFS partitioned (not PC-compatible). Information and purchase details available from sites below: email: <digisoft@hypermall.com> 

http://www-leland.stanford.edu/~jagaroth/digisoft/orchard.html

GS WorldView - Apple IIgs information and software. 

http://www.grin.net/~cturley/gsezine/GS.WorldView/

Pete Handel's Apple II Page 

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/handel/a2/a2.html

History Pages 

http://www.hypermall.com/History/ 

http://www.laughton.com/Apple/Apple.html

Nova Scotia Apple Users Group - Links to technical information on the Apple II series, Apple II FTP sites and other Apple groups online. 

http://www.ccn.cs.dal.ca/Technology/AppleUsersGroup/NSAUG.html

The Treasure Chest Project - the "Reclassification Project of comp.sys.apple2 (Commercial to FreeWare/ShareWare or Public Domain)". 

http://www.tals.dis.qut.edu.au/staff/willie/

USoX - The Used Software Exchange is a marketplace for buying and selling used software. Software for a variety of platforms is supported, including the Apple II. 

http://www.midwinter.com/usox/

== Apple III Sites ==

To subscribe to the Apple /// mailing list, send e-mail to <listserv@wvnvm.wvnet.edu> with a first line reading "subscribe APPLE3-L YourName". The list address is <apple3-l@wvnvm.wvnet.edu>. To contact the maintainer email <jfritz@wvnvm.wvnet.edu>. Several FAQs exist for the Apple ///: consult the "THE APPLE /// FAQ FILE" by David Ottalini <dave.ottalini@pro-applepi.wap.org> and the "APPLE /// INTERNET FAQ" by Jeff Marraccini <jeff@oak.oakland.edu>, edited by Dave Ottalini <Dave.Ottalini@tcs.wap.org> for further information. Information on the Apple /// is available from the Obsolete Computer Museum, and an Apple /// software archive is located at the following FTP site. 

http://www.wap.org/info/techstuff/a3faq.text 

http://cpre1.ee.iastate.edu/~ddkilzer/apple3/ 

http://www.wap.org/info/techstuff/a3inet.html 

http://www.ncsc.dni.us/fun/user/tcc/cmuseum/apple3.htm 

ftp://names.wvu.edu/pub/apple3/

== Usenet Newsgroups ==

The following Usenet newsgroups are used to discuss Apple II emulation, Apple II computers, or emulators in general.

usenet: comp.emulators.apple2 usenet: alt.emulators.ibmpc.apple2 (Obsolete) usenet: comp.emulators.announce (Moderated) usenet: comp.emulators.misc usenet: comp.sys.apple2 usenet: comp.binaries.apple2

= WWW Sites =

There are a growing number of emulator pages specifically or tangentially related to the Apple II computers.

Jonathan Badger's Apple II Home Page 

http://geta.life.uiuc.edu/~badger/apple2.html

Chi-Yuan Lin's Apple II Page 

http://www.tfrin.gov.tw/D-FI/~cylin/apple2.html

Chris's list of emulators for the PC (including the Apple II) 

http://members.aol.com/chrissalo/emu1.htm

Chris, Mark & Terry's Apple II Home Page 

http://www.duke-net.com/apple/main.shtml

Emulation.Net - John Stiles's list of emulators for MacOS - Apple II Page 

http://emulation.net/apple2/index.html

Marat Fayzullin's [FMS] list of emulators - Apple II and Macintosh Page 

http://www.komkon.org/fms/comp/sys/Apple.html#apple2

Arthur Levesque's Apple II Page 

http://www.erols.com/backslash/apple2.html

The Pirate's Guild - Dave Morrison's Apple II software download page 

http://www.ozemail.com.au/~deth2/a2/

= 3.3 Miscellaneous Sites =

Scott Adams - Adventure series solutions. 

ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/scott-adams/

Adventure Game List - "This page contains my index to all adventure games produced over the years. Of course, no such list can ever be complete for a number of reasons. To begin with, the distinction between what is an adventure and what is not is not clear. It's also not meaningful to list every last adventure game ever written, but only those that actually reached a reasonable audience. What constitutes a "reasonable audience" is, of course, also debatable." Maintained by Hans Persson <unicorn@lysator.liu.se>. 

http://www.lysator.liu.se/adventure/

Bilestoad - The Mac Bilestoad Home Page contains information concerning the port of this classic Apple ][ game to the Macintosh, including how to download and purchase a copy. 

http://www.continuumsi.com/~marc/bilestoad.html

Brøderbund - The Lode Runner Archive contains links to downloadable Lode Runner software, Frequently Asked Questions and other documentation, hints and links for this classic game. 

http://www.med-web.com/~jason/lr/

Castle Wolfenstein - The Castle Wolfenstein 2D Homepage contains information and links for the predecessor to the famous Wolfenstein-3D. The Atari/C64 Castle Wolfenstein site contains an online version of the game manual and other information. The "Official" Castle Smurfenstein Home Page is dedicated to the parody of Castle Wolfenstein, featuring the Smurfs. 

http://members.tripod.com/~wolf2d/ (Castle Wolfenstein 2D Homepage) 

http://jollyrogers.com/cwhome.html (Atari/C64 Castle Wolfenstein Homepage) 

http://evlweb.eecs.uic.edu/aej/smurf.html (The "Official" Castle Smurfenstein Home Page)

Colossal Caves - Rick Adams' homepage for Colossal Cave, by Willie Crowther and Don Woods, contains hints on solving the adventure. 

http://www.winternet.com/~radams/adventure/

Donkey Kong - The Classic Donkey Kong Homepage. 

http://www.earlham.edu/www/stanlje/dk/

Eamon - Adventure series information, links, and copies of the software. 

http://www.lysator.liu.se/eamon/ 

ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/appleII/eamon/ usenet: alt.games.eamon

Infocom - An abridged list of Infocom resources including homepages, FTP sites and newsgroups. The Interactive Fiction archive contains adventure series information, solutions, Inform compilers, and new ports. 

http://www.csd.uwo.ca/~pete/Infocom/ 

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/wsr/Web/IF/homepage.html 

ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/games/infocom/ usenet: rec.arts.int-fiction usenet: rec.games.int-fiction

Manuals & Documentation - The Classic 8-bit Computer site is dedicated to preserving documents relating to 8-bit computers. The Project 64/128 pages attempt to preserve Commodore 64 related documents in electronic text format. The Project 81 page is dedicated to ZX81 related documents. A number of game manuals are relevant to the Apple II. The Asimov FTP site also contains Apple II documentation. 

http://www.madhippy.demon.co.uk/8-bit/ (Classic 8-bit Computers) 

http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/pcgeek/proj64.htm (Project 64) 

http://ip64.home.ml.org/ (International Project 64) 

http://www.hh.schule.de/hhs/mjaap/project.htm (Project 81) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/documentation/

Penguin Software/Polarware - The Official Penguin Software Hysterical Archive, by Mark Pelczarski, contains a history of Penguin Software/Polarware, and freely-downloadable disk-images of the software. 

http://www.mcs.net/~pelczars/magic/index.htm

Screenshots - Axel Bauer's Apple ][ Classic Games Page contains screenshots of classic Apple II games. Other pages contain Classic Computers and Computer Cartridge screenshots. 

http://jones.netplace.com/apple/welcome.html (The Apple ][ Classic Games Page) 

http://www.io.com/~vga2000/computes.htm (Classic Computers & Computer Cartridges)

Sirius Software - A homepage devoted to the adventure game Gruds in Space. 

http://www.geocities.com/area51/lair/7268/

Software deprotection tips (by Zelix). 

ftp://ftp.stolaf.edu/pub/apple2/apple.tips.txt

Solutions - These are mainly for newer games, but occasional Apple II/C64 games - mostly adventures - are listed. The "Definitive Source Guide to Secret Keys, Easter Eggs and Hidden Messages" compiled by Sam Ismail <dastar@wco.com> contains information about Apple II software. 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/documentation/games/apple_II_secret _keys_faq.txt 

http://www.gamesdomain.com/ (The Games Domain) 

http://www.spoiler.et.ee/ (The Spoiler's Centre)

SPAG - The Society for the Preservation of Adventure Games is an e-mail zine dedicated to (mainly) text adventures. Apple II and compatible format games are listed/reviewed. 

http://www.afn.org/~afn55673/spag.html 

ftp://ftp.gmd.de/if-archive/magazines/SPAG/ (back issues)

SSI - Strategic Simulations, Inc. strategy series site by Evin <evin@concentric.net>. 

http://www.concentric.net/~evin/ssi/

Ultima - Non-official Ultima homepages, walkthroughs, maps, and cracks. The "Commodore 64 and Apple 2 Ultima FAQ" by Steven Downer <Bladez@ix.netcom.com> contains information specific to the Apple II series of games. 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/documentation/games/ultima_faq.txt 

http://www.origin.ea.com/ultima/home.html 

http://www.scott.net/~rgregg/ultima/collectibles/ (The Collectible ULTIMA) 

http://www.gameworlds.com/woo/ (Worlds of Origin) 

http://www.cyberenet.net/~redjr/ (The World of Ultima) 

ftp://ftp.udic.org/pub/ud/ usenet: alt.games.ultima

Ultima III - Site concerning the port of this classic Apple ][ game to the Macintosh; download the Shareware version, read Frequently Asked Questions, view screenshots and more... 

http://www.swcp.com/~beastie/ultima3.html

UDIC - The Ultima Dragons Internet Chapter is a social club whose members share the common interest of the Ultima series. 

http://www.udic.org/ 

ftp://ftp.udic.org/pub/ud/ usenet: alt.games.ultima.dragons usenet: rec.games.computer.ultima-dragons

Videogames - Read the "Coin-Ops-A-Poppin' Killer List of Video Games" and see where some of those Apple games came from (and where some of them went!) The "Giant List of Classic Game Programmers" and Halcyon Days sites also features historical information on the development of video and computer games. 

ftp://www.spies.com/arcade/info/CoinOp.zip 

http://www.dadgum.com/giantlist.html 

http://www.dadgum.com/halcyon.html

Wasteland - The Ranger Center homepage contains the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) file for this outstanding RPG. 

http://www.cris.com/~chbaer/ranger.shtml 

http://bsc.edu/~bassaf/hqgrid/ 

http://www.cris.com/~chbaer/wasteland.txt (FAQ English version) 

http://www.cris.com/~chbaer/deutsch_wasteland.txt (FAQ German version) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/documentation/games/wasteland/ 

http://www.cris.com/~chbaer/stm.html (Tips for running Wasteland with STM)



= Compression Techniques =

HINT: Want to decompress Apple II "*.shk" archives on a PC or Mac and don?t have the software? Just import the archive into a disk-image (see in "ADDING/REMOVING FILES" in Chapter 7), run your favourite emulator and use ShrinkIt!

The list of extensions below will indicate what format the compression or translation is; from there refer to the "compression" document for cross- platform applications or executables. For Apple ][ compression formats (which are not covered here) check Section 5 in Part 3 of "The Apple II Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)".

ftp://ftp.cso.uiuc.edu/doc/pcnet/compression (128.174.5.61)

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/faq/part3
<pre>
  .arc       Arc (Amiga/Atari) - transfer as a binary file ['DArj'/'TEXT']
  .arj       Arj (PC) - transfer as a binary file ['arc@'/'TEXT']
* .bin       BinHex 5.0/MacBinary (Mac) - binary file ['BnHq'/'TEXT']
* .bsc       Binscii (Apple ][) - transfer as a text file
  .cpt       Compact Pro (Mac) - transfer as a binary file ['CPCT'/'PACT']
# .dsz       GNU Zip (Unix) - rename to ".gz" before decompressing
# .gz        GNU Zip (Unix) - transfer as a binary file ['Gzip'/'Gzip']
* .hqx       BinHex 4.0 (Mac) - transfer as a text file ['BNHQ'/'TEXT']
  .lha       LHA (Amiga/PC) - transfer as a binary file ['LARC'/'LHA ']
  .lzh       LHA (Amiga/PC) - transfer as a binary file ['LARC'/'LARC']
$ .shk/sdk   ShrinkIt archive (Apple2 format containing files/disk-image)
  .sit       StuffIt Lite/Deluxe (Mac) - binary file ['SIT!'/'SITD']
  .tar       TAR/Tape ARchive (Unix) - binary file ['TAR '/'TARF']
* .uue       Uuencode/Uudecode (PC/Unix) - text file ['JeFF'/'TEXT']
# .Z         Compress (Unix) - transfer as a binary file ['LZIV'/'ZIVU']
  .zip       PK Zip (PC) - transfer as a binary file ['ZIP '/'pZIP']
  .zoo       Zoo (Amiga/PC) - transfer as a binary file ['Booz'/'ZOO ']
</pre>

[Square brackets] denote Macintosh file creator/type information .

* These formats are translators; uuencoding (*.uue) and binhexing (*.hqx) are used to convert binary files into text files so that they can be posted to a binary newsgroup or e-mailed. Binscii (*.bsc) is a similar process for the Apple ][; use "Shrink II" on the Macintosh (see below). The BinHex 5.0 format (*.bin) is Macintosh-specific; it is used to append the file/type creator information to the file in the first 128 bytes. Although emulators such as AppleWin can read disks with the MacBinary header, for compatibility with other emulators it is often better to remove the header. On the PC, use "bin2dsk" or "mactopc". 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/Bin2dsk.zip 

ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/incoming/mactopc.exe

# These formats are single-file compressors - the other compressors on the list compress AND archive. Consequently, *.Z and *.gz are often used in conjunction with other archivers, primarily Tar (*.tar), resulting in the following: "filename.tar.gz" or "filename.tar.Z". Usually easier to remove on a Unix platform prior to download (use "uncompress" or "gzip" to extract).

$ Okay, so I said I wasn't going to cover Apple ][ formats... Use "Nulib" by Andy McFadden <fadden@uts.amdahl.com> for the PC or Unix to extract shrunk disk-images (usually shown by *.SDK rather than *.SHK) or files from this type of archive. For Macintosh users, EGO Systems provide a commercial product called "Shrink II" which can create/extract NuFX/ShrinkIt archives and other Apple ][ formats. Cost: US$39.95, from EGO Systems, 7918 Cove Ridge Rd., Hixson, TN 37343. Phone: 1-800-662-3634. Additionally, Matthew Russotto <russotto@pond.com> compiled "A2dearc", a Macintosh dearchiver for *.SHK, *.QQ and *.HQX files. 

http://www.jurai.org/~funaho/emulators/XGS/nulib324.zip (PC compile version 3.24) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/nulib.zip (PC compile version 3.03) 

ftp://apple2.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ARCHIVERS/nulib324.tar.Z (Unix source) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/A2dearc.gz 

http://www.hypermall.com/ego (EGO Systems product information & ordering)

IMPORTANT NOTE: Where a filename possesses two or more extensions (eg. "filename.tar.gz" or "filename.sit.hqx") ALWAYS download the file according to the LAST extension (ie. if the last extension is .uue then it is safe to download it as text). If in doubt, download it as a BINARY file. When processing, start at the LAST extension and work inwards. Remember, if using a PC, it is only possible to have one extension visible in the filename at a time.

To find out more about compression in detail, try the "comp.compression.faq". 

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression_faq/part1 

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression_faq/part2 

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/compression_faq/part3



= Creating/extracting disk-images =

Eager PC-owners have no doubt turned quickly to this section to learn how to read Apple ][ disks in their 5.25" drives... Well, you can't. Basically, PC drives and Apple drives use different encoding techniques. Check out Section 5.10 in Part 3 of "The Apple II Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)" guide for more information. But don't panic! Follow this easy two step guide to creating disk-images, and transferring them to the required computer. The following steps apply only to standard DOS, ProDOS and compatible disks (those that can be copied by "Copya"). More detailed instructions are usually given in the archive packages. To transfer ROMs or text files (or indeed any file from an Apple ][), just substitute those files in place of the disk-images in the following examples.

These instructions are primarily intended for creating disk-images of 5.25" diskettes (usually software for 8-bit Apples). With the advent of IIgs emulators, it has become necessary to transfer 800K ProDOS disks. Once again, although these disks are the same media as 720K DOS disks, they are not compatible with PC disk drives. The easiest method to create an 800K disk-image for IIgs emulators on non-Macintosh platforms is to use a Macintosh (which read 800K ProDOS disks as standard) and make a DiskCopy image. This image can then be converted for use with XGS on non-Macintosh platforms (see the 2IMG disk-image format below).

== Creating Disk-Images ==

There are several methods of creating disk-images, depending upon either personal preference or (more likely) the Apple ][ hardware you have available. The minimum required is an Apple ][ with at least two 5.25" disk drives and a serial card (preferably capable of running ProDOS). It is possible to read an image from a 5.25" drive and transfer it at the same time (if you only have one 5.25" drive, for example). This is covered in 5.2.1, in which case you may skip 5.1.

The options for creating a disk-image are broken up as follows:

Creating segmented disk-images - (if you only have two 5.25" drives) and creating whole disk-images (if you have a storage device larger than 141K, such as a hard-drive or 800K drive), lastly creating shrunk disk-images (similar to 5.1.1 but requires extraction software)

== Creating segmented disk-images ==

The largest obstacle to creating a disk-image is storing the resulting file prior to transfer. Unless you own a 3.5" drive, hard-drive or have enough RAM on your Apple to store the file, then segmenting the disk-image will permit its storage over multiple volumes. This is useful, for example, in reading a 5.25" disk in Slot 6 Drive 1 and storing it in two (or more) parts on disks in Slot 6 Drive 2. "DSK2FILE v5.0" by Ron Kneusel <rkneusel@post.its.mcw.edu> offers segmentation as an option. It will automatically prompt for a ProDOS pathname and filename prior to start and halfway through the operation, thus creating two files. The "CHOP" application (for MSDOS and Macintosh, C source code for Unix) by the same author can be used to reassemble the disk-image on other platforms. Alternatively, "Diskread" by Damon J. Rand <D.Rand@cantva.canterbury.ac.nu>, is a DOS 3.3 BASIC application which allows the user to specify start and end tracks for segmentation (useful for varying the size of output files). Similarly, the DOS 3.3 program "Diskdump" by David A. Curran <curran@titan.ucs.umass.edu> will segment a DOS 3.3 disk into eight binary files over two disks. The resulting files from both programs can be rejoined by using the "copy" command under MSDOS or concatenated by any usual method for binary files on any platform (check the documentation for further details).

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/DSK2FILE50.SHK 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/4.0/chop40.c (Source) 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/4.0/chop40.cpt.hqx (Mac executable) 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/4.0/chop40.zip (PC executable) 

http://keaggy.intmed.mcw.edu/dsk2file.html (WWW access to FTP site) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/diskread.bsc 

ftp://ground.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/Emulators/DISKREAD.SHK 

ftp://ftp.uu.net/systems/apple2/unix/diskdump.aaf.Z

== Creating whole disk-images ==

If your Apple system has enough RAM, a 3.5" drive, Appleshare volume or hard-disk, then you can store a disk-image in its entirety prior to transfer. The versatile "DSK2FILE v5.0" by Ron Kneusel <rkneusel@post.its.mcw.edu> can be used to create whole DOS or ProDOS order disk-images. "Image" by Randy Shackelford <shack@crash.cts.com> is a faster ProDOS program which creates DOS order disk-images only. "RTRK" by Andrew Kingdom <agk@ausom.oz.au> will write disk-images from 5.25" disks to larger volumes. "Asimov" by Jesse Blue <ug0a@rzstud.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de> is an Apple IIgs application which can create DOS and ProDOS order disk-images. Central Point's "Copy II+ 7.1" also allows the creation of a proprietary disk-image format (this can be converted into a standard disk-image on the Macintosh using "Image Converter" by Lazarus I. Long).

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/DSK2FILE50.SHK 

http://keaggy.intmed.mcw.edu/dsk2file.html (WWW access to FTP site) 

ftp://cassandra.ucr.edu/pub/apple2/IMAGE.SHK 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/rtrk.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/images/utility/disk_utils/asimov12. convertor.shk 

ftp://ground.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/Emulators/asimov12.bsq 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/images/utility/disk_utils/copy_ii+_ v7.1.do.gz 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/ic.sit

== Creating shrunk disk-images ==

"Shrunk" disk-images were not originally intended for use with emulators, being a type of NuFX archive created by ShrinkIt. As opposed to a standard .SHK file which usually contains files, an .SDK file contains a whole compressed disk (for archival or transfer purposes). This can be extracted to a disk-image under MSDOS or Unix using "Nulib" by Andy McFadden <fadden@uts.amdahl.com> - and as such, is a better method than creating a standard disk-image, since the .SDK file is compressed for faster transfer. "Nulib" outputs a ProDOS order disk- image. Although any version of ShrinkIt can create shrunk disk archives, it is preferable to use ShrinkIt 3.0 and above (hence using a 128K //e, //c or IIGS) since earlier versions (such as IIPLUS Shrinkit) don't prompt for a disk-image title within the archive. Without a title, "Nulib" cannot extract the (nameless) image from the .SDK archive.

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

http://www.jurai.org/~funaho/emulators/XGS/nulib324.zip (PC compile version 3.24) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/nulib.zip (PC compile version 3.03) 

ftp://apple2.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ARCHIVERS/nulib324.tar.Z (source code) 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/shrinkit34.sdk

= Transferring Disk-Images =

== Creating and sending disk-images 'on the fly' ==

In order to bypass the problems with storing disk-images on the Apple, it is possible to simultaneously create and send images via null-modem cable to a Macintosh, PC, Amiga etc. This requires a serial card and at least one 5.25" drive on the Apple. This process is intended for older Apples (those with actual serial CARDS rather than PORTS). "Apple Disk Transfer v1.21" by Paul Guertin <guertinp@iro.umontreal.ca> is a comprehensive package with MSDOS and Apple ][ (DOS 3.3) executables to simplify transfer. "MacADT v121" by Hideki Naito <pbc03243@niftyserve.or.jp> gives a Macintosh interface for ADT. "][2Mac v1.1.1" by Adam van Gaalen <vangaalen@caiw.nl> is another Macintosh/DOS 3.3 or CHE-DOS 3.4 package for transferring complete disk- images. Another similar transfer program is "Senddisk" by Rich Williamson <glitch@eskimo.com>, which also has a DOS 3.3 and MSDOS executable. "A2PCTR v1.1" by Nye Liu <nyet@halycon.com> transfers a disk-image as a hex dump to the MSDOS platform. The "Apple II Disk Transfer Utility PRO v2.0.6" by Ronald W.H. Mak and Alan W.L. Siu is an integrated Apple II/MSDOS package written in assembly. For further details consult the instructions included with the relevant package.

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/adt121.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/MacADT.sit.hqx 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/macadt121.sit.hqx 

http://www.caiw.nl/~adam/downloadable/II2Mac.sea.hqx (v1.1.1) 

ftp://ftp.unsw.edu.au/pub/mac/emulators/apple/apple-ii-emulators/apple-ii- to-mac-105.hqx 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/senddisk.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/a2pctr11.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/emulators/appleibm/apibm206.arj

== Sending disk-images by modem/null-modem cable ==

With your disk- image(s) created in Step One, there are several methods which can be used to move them to your Macintosh, PC or Amiga. Using the serial card or port on the Apple and a telecommunications package (see Section 5.6 in Part 3 of "The Apple II Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)" guide for Apple comm programs) send the image via null-modem cable to another computer, or via modem to an Internet account, BBS, etc. The Apple //e and IIGS can be networked to a Macintosh, allowing easy transferral of disk-images from the Apple to a network volume. The "][ in a Mac" emulator by COMPUTER:applications, Inc. also possesses the ability to create ProDOS order disk-images via a null-modem cable.

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/faq/part3 

ftp://wilbur.stanford.edu/pub/apple2/][inamac.txt

== Transferring via disk to compatible drives ==

As mentioned earlier, the standard PC 5.25" drive cannot read Apple ][ disks. However, all Macintosh computers can read, write and format 3.5" ProDOS disks - with the "ProDOS File System" extension, System 7.5 (with standard DOS-mounting software) or Apple File Exchange installed. Since Macintosh Superdrives can also read PC 3.5" floppies, disk-images can by easily transferred to MSDOS computers. Alternatively, use a Macintosh LC which has the IIE card attached. Place your 5.25" disk into the attached external drive and use the "DSK2FILE" program under the emulator, specifying either the Macintosh hard-drive, RAM, or the 3.5" floppy as the path. From there, take the ProDOS 800K disk and insert it into the internal Macintosh drive. For Apple //e, //c, IIGS compatibility with 3.5" drives and Macintosh 880K disks, check Q#37-45 in Part 2 of "COMP.SYS.APPLE2 - Frequently Asked Questions". Amiga owners with an Amiga 1020 5.25" disk-drive (or equivalent) can use "Disk2File" by Ron Menelli <menelli@uiuc.edu> to read unprotected Apple 5.25" disks and create a standard disk-image. A 40 track drive is recommended, although 80 track drives are supported. There MAY be problems with drive-speed reading Apple ][ disks; this can be adjusted following instructions appearing in the "1541.doc" file ("1541" allows Amiga 5.25" drives to read C64 disks). "Disk2File" is included as part of the "Apple2000" emulator package for the Amiga.

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://ftp.apple.com/software/aii/lc.iiecard/iie-startup-disk-image.hqx (the "ProDOS File System" is part of the disk-image - use Disk Copy to extract). 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/DSK2FILE50.SHK 

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/apple2/faq/part3 

ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/apple2/amiga/Apple2000v13.lha (contains "Disk2File") 

ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/amiga/aminet/misc/emu/1541.lha

== Miscellaneous ==

If you don't have a serial card on your Apple, try "Ap2222PC" by Clay Chang. This DOS 3.3 program will transfer disk and sequential text files between the PC and Apple using the Apple game I/O port, one 5.25" drive and the PC parallel port (use 48K DOS only!). Alternatively, "Apl2serial" by Warren Toomey <wkt@csadfa.cs.adfa.oz.au> contains details on connecting an Apple's cassette port output to a PC via RS232 cable, as well as binary executables for creation/transfer. Or, use "SoundReader" by Mike Kienenberger <SXMLK@ACAD3.ALASKA.EDU>, which transmits binary data from an Apple to a NeXT via the audio ports on the respective machines.

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

http://www.tfrin.gov.tw/D-FI/~cylin/ap2222pc.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/ap2222pc.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/apl2serial.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/SoundReader.tar.gz

NOTE: It is a great deal easier to transfer disk-images from the Macintosh or Amiga to the PC (via 720K or 1.44Mb DOS disks) than it is from the Apple ][ straight to the PC (although there are hardware boards to connect Apple 5.25"  drives to the PC, they are rare). On the Macintosh, use either PC Exchange software (which allows PC 720K and 1.44Mb disks to be inserted into Mac HD disk-drives), Apple File Exchange, or System 7.5 (with standard DOS-mounting software). On the PC, use Macsee or Mac-Ette (both Shareware) or Macindos, which all read 1.44Mb Macintosh disks. On the Amiga, use Dos2Dos (KS 1.2/1.3) or CrossDOS ([inbuilt]] KS/WB2.1) to read 720K DOS disks in the Amiga 3.5" drive. NOTE: Macintosh 400/800K disks are NOT compatible with either Amiga or PC drives. Always ensure Binary/Data translation rather than MacBinary!

== Making Copy-Protected Disk-Images ==

Super Saltine's Transcopy (SST) - A complete package for the expert disk- image creator!  The "Sst.readme" file contains the necessary instructions (which are too detailed to repeat here). SST may not work on some computers; a suggested fix from Bob Colbert <rcolbert@oasis.novia.net> follows:

1) Boot the Dos 3.3 floppy with SST on it and get to the ] prompt 2) Type: CALL -151 3) Type: BLOAD SST 4) Type: 1F4E:EA 5) Type: BSAVE SST, A$B00, L$5500

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/images/utility/disk_utils/saltines_ super_transcopy/ 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/sst.zip (archive of package)

== Extracting Disk-Images ==

It is possible to convert a disk-image BACK to an Apple ][ 5.25" disk. "UnImage v0.1" by Ivan Drucker <drucker@lclark.edu> will convert disk- images back to disks. One of the options of "DSK2FILE v5.0" by Ron Kneusel <rkneusel@post.its.mcw.edu> is to write an image file back to 5.25" floppy. Alternatively, "DeImage v0.1" by Ivan Drucker extracts Applesoft and Binary files from disk-images into ProDOS, although the process will only work with standard DOS3.3 disks (ie. disks possessing a catalog). Finally, "UnForkIt v0.1" also by Ivan Drucker converts forked files on ProDOS volumes to one or two unforked files. These utilities all require the disk- image to be on a mounted ProDOS volume. "Apple Disk Transfer 1.21" by Paul Guertin <guertinp@iro.umontreal.ca> can transfer a disk-image from MSDOS or Macintosh to a 5.25" Apple drive via null-modem cable. Finally, it is possible to create a "shrunk" disk-image in reverse. Having reordered the disk-image into ProDOS Order (if necessary), use "Nulib" (version 3.2 or greater is required) to create a shrunk-disk (.sdk) archive. Transfer the file back to the Apple and use ShrinkIt to decompress the image back to a diskette.

PROGRAM LOCATIONS: 

ftp://ground.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/Emulators/deimage0.1.shk 

ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/apple2/umich.edu/uploads/deimage0.1.shk 

ftp://kreeft.intmed.mcw.edu/Q/pub/apple2/dsk2file/DSK2FILE50.SHK 

http://keaggy.intmed.mcw.edu/dsk2file.html (WWW access to FTP site) 

ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/apple2/umich.edu/uploads/unforkit0.1.shk 

ftp://ground.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/Emulators/unimage0.1.shk 

ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/systems/apple2/umich.edu/uploads/unimage0.1.shk 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/adt121.zip 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/MacADT.sit.hqx 

ftp://ftp.apple.asimov.net/pub/apple_II/utility/macadt121.sit.hqx 

http://www.jurai.org/~funaho/emulators/XGS/nulib324.zip (PC compile version 3.24) 

ftp://apple2.caltech.edu/pub/apple2/ARCHIVERS/nulib324.tar.Z (source code)


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